Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of many thyroid diseases, such as non-toxic nodular goiter and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. Nitric oxide synthases are responsible for the synthesis of nitric oxide from L-arginine. There are three isoforms of nitric oxide synthase (NOS): neuronal NOS (nNOS), endothelial NOS (eNOS) and inducible NOS (iNOS). They have important functions in inflammation and vasoregulation but their role in thyroid diseases ...

Background: Primary hyperparathyroidism is one of the most common endocrine disorders caused by adenoma (80%), hyperplasia (15%) and carcinoma (5%). It is often difficult to differentiate between hyperplasia from an adenoma of a parathyroid gland. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to assess apoptotic index as a potentially useful in diagnosis.Methods: Apoptotic cells was investigated in the parathyroid specimens of 21patients (4M, 17F, average age o...

Background: Primary hyperparathyroidism is one of the most common endocrine disorders caused by adenoma (80%), hyperplasia (15%) and carcinoma (5%). It is often difficult to differentiate between hyperplasia from an adenoma of a parathyroid gland. Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR)-associated protein (TIRAP) is an adaptor protein for Toll-like receptors-2 and -4 (TLR2/4) which are engaged in transducing the signal to downstream molecules. Several studies have shown the increase...

Background: Even if a great number of studies have been developed recently, the molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis of hyperplastic lesions of the parathyroid glands are not well understood. The link between systemic inflammation and promotion of neoplasm is well established. Chronic infection and inflammation are considered two of the most prominent epigenetic and environmental factors contributing to tumor formation. Toll like receptors (TLRs) are essential components of in...

Introduction: Catalase is an enzyme, which functions in the detoxification of hydrogen peroxide, and is one of the most important antioxidant enzymes in humans. It is responsible for protecting the cell from oxidative damage by reactive oxygen species. Catalase promotes growth of cells including T-cells, B-cells, myeloid leukemia cells, melanoma cells, mastocytoma cells, and normal and transformed fibroblast cells. Nevertheless, the role of this enzyme in thyroid pathologies i...

Introduction: Endocrine disorders can influence the hemostatic balance. Various abnormalities of coagulation-fibrinolytic system have been reported in patients with thyroid dysfunction. The aim of the study was to assess the immunohistochemical expression and distribution of coagulation and fibrinolysis markers in follicular cells of thyroid goiter.Materials and methods: 20 patients with thyroid goiter were included in the study: 11 cases with non-toxic ...